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This section of the timeline of Iberian history concerns events from before the Carthaginian conquests (c. 236 BC). ==Bronze Age== *2nd millennium BC * * c. 1800 BC – The El Argar civilization appears in Almería, south-east of Spain, replacing the earlier civilization of Los Millares. The adoption of bronze metallurgy allows gradual dominance and influence in the region.〔María Dolores Fernández-Posse, Antonio Gilman, Concepción Martin, ''(Consideraciones Cronológicas sobre la Edad del Bronce en La Mancha )'' (Complutum Extra, 1996), 6 (II), 111-137, ISSN 1131-6993〕 * * c. 1500 BC * * * A culture of smaller fortified villages known as Bronze of Levante appears in the modern-day region of Valencia, particularly in the southern half, being close culturally to El Argar. This people starts to install the first settlements in the semi-desertic La Mancha called Motillas (fortifications in the top of man-made hills).〔 * * * For the first time the cattle-herding tribes of the central plateau get organize into a single culture, known as Cogotas I, practising transhumance herding.〔 * * * The presence of strategic tin resources in the North Western Iberia is probably the cause of some development in this region. The Montelavar group is characterized especially by its bronze axes. * * c. 1300 BC * * * El Argar disappears abruptly, giving way to a less homogeneous post-Argarian culture.〔 * * * The Motillas are abandoned, perhaps due to the disappearance of the Argarian state and its military needs. * * * The Urnfield culture is the first wave of Indo-European migrations to enter in the Peninsula. Although they stayed in Catalonia, they triggered the Atlantic Bronze Age in the Northwest of the peninsula (modern Galicia and northern Portugal), that maintained commercial relations with Brittany and the British Isles.〔Javier Rodríguez-Corral, ''A Galicia Castrexa'' (Lóstrego, 2009), ISBN 978-84-936613-3-5〕 * * * In Western Andalusia appears an internally burnished pottery culture. * * * The Northwest is defined by their typical axes, divided into two types: Galician and Astur-Cantabrian. *1st millennium BC * *First wave of Indo-European migrations into Iberia, of the Urnfield culture (Proto-Celts). * *Bronze culture (Indo-European) in the Northwest of Iberia (modern Galicia and northern Portugal), maintaining commercial relations with Brittany and the British Isles. Emergence of the Castro Village culture in this Iberian area. * *Bronze culture in the Portuguese Estremadura (not Indo-European). * *Bronze culture of Portuguese Beira Alta (not Indo-European but influenced by). * *Emergence of Tartessian society in the territory of modern Andalusia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timeline of pre-Roman Iberian history」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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